A Review of Roman Coins and Their Values Volume 4 by David Sear

Roman Coins and Their Values Volume 4 by David Sear is a comprehensive and authoritative guide to the Roman coinage of the period AD 284-337, covering the reigns of Diocletian, Maximian, Constantine I and his sons, Licinius, and the usurpers. The book is part of a five-volume series that spans the entire history of Roman coinage from the Republic to the late Empire.

Roman Coins and Their Values Volume 4 books pdf file

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The book contains over 1,600 pages of detailed descriptions, illustrations, historical background, and numismatic analysis of more than 4,500 coin types. The catalogue is organized primarily by ruler, with the issues then subdivided by denomination and by reverse legend and type. The book also includes an introduction that explains the general characteristics of the coinage, such as minting techniques, denominations, weight standards, mints, and mintmarks. The book also provides useful appendices on topics such as dating systems, imperial titles, officinae marks, and rarity scales.

Roman Coins and Their Values Volume 4 is an essential reference for collectors, students, and scholars of Roman numismatics and history. It is available as a hardcover book or as a downloadable PDF file from various online sources[^1^] [^2^] [^3^]. The book is well-written, well-researched, and well-illustrated, and it reflects the latest scholarship and discoveries in the field. It is a valuable addition to the literature on Roman coins and their values.

One of the main features of the coinage of this period is the introduction of the reform of Diocletian, which aimed to stabilize the currency and restore its value after decades of inflation and debasement. The reform involved the creation of new denominations, such as the aureus, the argenteus, and the follis, and the establishment of a fixed ratio between gold, silver, and bronze coins. The reform also involved the expansion and reorganization of the mint network, which increased from 12 to 15 mints under Diocletian and his colleagues.

Another feature of the coinage of this period is the diversity and richness of the iconography and legends, which reflect the political, religious, and cultural changes that occurred in the late third and early fourth centuries. The coinage depicts various aspects of the imperial ideology, such as the tetrarchy, the collegiality, the victory, and the piety of the rulers. The coinage also reflects the rise of Christianity as a state religion under Constantine I and his sons, who issued coins with Christian symbols and inscriptions, such as the chi-rho monogram and the sol invictus legend.

The coinage of this period is also a valuable source of information for the history of the Roman Empire in a time of crisis and transformation. The coinage provides evidence for the military campaigns, civil wars, usurpations, reforms, persecutions, and conversions that shaped the fate of the empire and its provinces. The coinage also reveals the economic and social conditions of the empire, such as the inflation, taxation, trade, industry, and urbanization that affected its population. c481cea774